Descriptive Research Vs Analytical Research Economics Essay

Descriptive look Vs analytic question Economics EssayMalaysia began develop its anatomical structure diligence since independence. more than half of capital formation consists of consider in social organisation (Lewis, 1955). Hence, the elaborateness of capital is a function the rate at which the kink sedulousness stinker be expanded. This rout out be seen in the initial stinting plan (1956-1960) where it was basic all in ally a development expenditure plan. The primary tutelage was developing infrastructure during independence beca give of its inadequacy. In attach to for the nations economy to prosper, the device industry has to be developed first for the economy to take a one step further (Abdul Razak stack a flair Ibrahim, 1999).The Malaysian look industry is mostly separated into two beasGeneral constructionIt comprises residential construction, non-residential construction and civil engineering construction.Special trade extendsIt comprises activities o f metal works, electrical works, plumbing, sewerage and sanitary works, refrigeration and air-conditioning works, painting works, carpentry, tiling and flooring works, water ice works and etc.The construction industry makes up an all-important(a) pop out of the Malaysian economy due to the amount of industry linked to it much(prenominal) as those for basic metal products and electrical machinery. Hence, the construction industry could be described as a substantial sparing driver for Malaysia (Abdul Razak Bin Ibrahim, 1999). tally to productiveness Report 2011/2012, analysis of productivity growth all all over three course intervals (2007-2009 and 2009-2011) showed that Malaysia achieved higher productivity growth during the later conclusion (2.8%) as comp atomic number 18d to the earlier period (1.9%). only, over a five year period, the growth was 3.2% as showed in Table 1.1.Figure 1. Gross municipal Product (GDP), Employment and Productivity harvest- metre, 2007-2 011Table 1. Productivity and GDP Growth, 2007-2011Productivity growth of the construction sector grew by 3.1% to RM 24,635 in 2011 from RM 23,898 in 2010 (Figure 1.2). The execution of Industrialised Building System (IBS) in major projects, residential and non-residential sub-sectors contri just nowed to the productivity of the construction sector (Malaysia Productivity Corporation, 2012).Figure 1. Productivity Level and Growth of the Construction Sector, 2007-2011Through the Productivity Report 2011/2012, it reflects that the construction sector is in a rapid growth phase, having expanded by nearly 19% on an annual basis in the first half of 2012. According to the governments figures, the sector will manage growth of 15.5% in 2012 as a whole, up from 4.6% in 2011. In 2013 it is forecast to grow by a further 11.2%, a projection that is in line with Timetrics forecasts (Ric ponderouss, 2012).Construction industry plays an important role in generating wealth and improving the featur e of vivification for Malaysian with with(predicate) the translation of governments socio-economic policies into social and economic infrastructure and buildings. The contract for quality or housing is increasingly from times to times any due to increase in population, immigration or investment purpose. In raise to fulfil the demand, supply of housing or a nonher(prenominal) property has to be increased. Besides, after the announcement regarding My First Home Scheme by the Government in Budget 2011, the desires of the youngsters to own a house are stronger.As the demand is higher, the construction industry has to embark more projects such(prenominal) as residential development to jar against the demand. The construction industry creates a multiplier belief to other industries, including manufacturing, financial services, and professional services. In consecrate to run a project, humankind resources such as drudges and the professionals like sum of money Surveyor, Archi tect, and Engineer are required.Although there is increase in number of human resources, construction productivity is one of the issues to be fretfulnessed. Construction tug productivity is often influenced by variations in work conditions and management effectiveness. It is substantially important to understand the nature and extent to which individual parameters fall productivity.Rationale for the seekThe construction industry plays a significant role in all developed and developing countries. Due to its critical importance to the profitability of well-nigh construction projects, productivity is regarded as one of the most frequently discussed topics in the construction industry (Hancher DE, 1998).Construction productivity is al agencys related to how well, how quickly, and at what cost buildings and infrastructure can be constructed. It will directly continue prices for homes and consumer goods and the robustness of the national economy. Construction productivity will also move the outcomes of national causal agents resources to develop high-performance green buildings and to re primary(prenominal) competitive in the global market.Construction productivity has been steadily on the decline over the last decade and construction tote efficiency has often been cited as poor (Stokes, 1980). The level of productivity in construction showed a decrease rate compared to other sectors (Bernstein, 2007). Many studies have attempted to improve construction weary productivity via different ways for examples, field of viewing the factors affecting construction wear upon productivity, measuring and evaluating labour productivity modelling construction labour productivity and comparing labour productivity based on economic considerations or costs.Construction workers are non machines, always behaving the analogous way under the same conditions. Even under apparently identical work conditions, different productivity values might be beated. The productivity f or the same work item is not constant throughout the construction period, and varies at different stages of the production (Lam, 2001). Variability is shown to be a key factor in the behaviour of construction labour productivity (Thomas Hr, 1999). In addition, the effect of the factors on productivity may vary from task to task. Although some factors could have similar influences on the productivity of a number of tasks, their rate of violation on productivity may be different (Sonmez R, 1998).Labour productivity is said as the factor affecting the construction productivity. In golf-club to further improve construction productivity, continuous efforts have to be hurl in from times to times to identify the factors affect labour productivity, the do of poor labour productivity and the ways to improve labour productivity. are labourers the main cause in affecting construction productivity? argon the factors caused by labourers themselves or their superiors or surrounding environmen ts or other reasons? train anyone do really put in their efforts to improve the construction labour productivity? How labour productivity affect the entire construction productivity?Queries on construction labour productivity are appearing continuously. end-to-end this seek, readers should have a shrewdness understanding on construction labour productivity.Aim and ObjectivesIn order to find out the answer of queries on construction labour productivity, the aim for this report is to study the issues on construction labour productivity in Malaysia. This can be achieved by study the objectives belowTo investigate the factors affect the construction labour productivity.To identify the consequences caused by construction labour productivity.To recommend ways for improvement on construction labour productivity.Scope and LimitationThis enquiry is delimited to construction labour productivity and will focus on Malaysian construction industry. The entropy for this query will made up of general construction workers, web site supervisors, contractors, quantity surveyors and developers mainly in Kuala Lumpur area. Respondents are evaluate to have variable levels of construction experience, training and knowledge so that a entropy that near mirrored the current make-up of the construction workforce can be collected. 100 sets of survey forms will be distributed and 50 sets of survey forms expected to be completed.Chapter OutlineThis report consists of 5 chapters. There areChapter 1 macrocosmIn this chapter, roles of construction industry towards economics and construction productivity will be described. Besides, in this chapter, aim and objectives will be discussed as well as overview of current construction labour productivity.Chapter 2 publications ReviewThe literature on the performance approach will be reviewed in this chapter. It will illustrate actual literature and enquiry work related to construction labour productivity. Definition of labour productivi ty, factors affect labour productivity, its effects and closures will be described.Chapter 3 enquiry MethodologyIn this chapter, introduction and definition of research, type of research, data solicitation orders, research foundation and data analysis mode will be discussed in order to achieve the aim and objectives of this study.Chapter 4 Findings and DiscussionsResults from survey questionnaires will be canvas and discussed in this chapter. The survey questionnaire is aimed to control labour, consultants, contractors and developers or clients view of opinion on construction labour productivity in Malaysian construction industry. In addition, personalised interview will be conducted to obtain more info on construction labour productivity.Chapter 5 Conclusions and RecommendationsThis chapter will outline the research findings, summary of this study, and recommendations for next study.Literature ReviewResearch MethodologyIntroductionBased on Oxford Dictionaries, research is defined as a dictatorial investigation into and study of materials and sources in order to establish facts and reach freshly conclusions (Oxford Dictionaries). The good Learners Dictionary of Current English defines the meaning of research as a careful investigation or inquiry specially through search for new facts in any branch of knowledge (The Advanced Learners Dictionary of Current English, 1952). Redman and Mory had defined research as a arrangingatized effort to gain new knowledge (Mory, 1923).In this chapter, types of research, data collection methods, research design and data analysis will be discussed. The research method for this study to achieve the aim and objectives will be described in this chapter.Types of ResearchGenerally, the basic types of research are as followuse/ Action Research vs Fundamental ResearchDescriptive Research vs analytic ResearchQuantitative Research vs soft ResearchConceptual Research vs experimental ResearchApplied/ Action Research vs Fun damental ResearchApplied or action research is carried out to find solution to solve problems facing by a society or a business or industrial organisation. However, fundamental research which is also know as basic or pure research is mainly concern on gathering of knowledge for knowledges sake without any intention to pass it in practice.Descriptive Research vs Analytical ResearchDescriptive research is a surveys and fact-finding investigation. It is aims to describe the characteristics of individual, situation or a collection or the state of affairs as it exists at present. Researcher has no control over the variables and research worker has to report the actual conditions. On the other hand, analytical research is a critical evaluation based on information that is available and primarily concerned with testing hypothesis specifying and version relationships by analyze the facts or existing information.Quantitative Research vs Qualitative ResearchQuantitative research is object ive in nature. It is defined as an inquiry into a social or human problem, based on testing a hypothesis or a theory dispassionate of variables, measured with numbers, and analysed with statistical functionings, in order to determine whether the hypothesis or the theory hold true (Creswell, 1994). Quantitative data are hard and reliable they are measurements of tangible, countable, sensate features of the world (Bouma and Atkinson, 1995). In short, quantitative research is measuring the quantity or amount of particular phenomena by the use of statistical analysis. On the other hand, qualitative research is subjective in nature. It is a non-quantitative type of analysis which is aimed at finding out the quality of a particular phenomenon. It emphasises meanings, experiences, description and etc (Naoum, 1998).Conceptual Research vs Empirical ResearchConceptual research is related to some abstract ideas or theories. It is generally used by philosophers and thinkers to develop new con cepts or to reinterpret existing ones, whereas, empirical research relies on experience or observation alone. Empirical research is aimed at coming up with conclusions without due regard for system and theory. Empirical research is reserve when proof is sought that certain variables affect other variables in some way.Data CollectionStatistical tools are used to transform data into useful information. However, data must be available before the decision maker can use the statistical tools. Data are available from many sources, both within the company or site. There are several ways of collecting appropriate data which differ considerably in context of money costs, time and other resources at the disposal of the researcher. The sources of data collection can be categorized into primary data and secondary data.Primary data refers to the rude data that collected through experiments or questionnaire surveys, where secondary data refers to the data obtained from site daily, progress repo rt, progress payment, national productivity statistics. The major benefit of primary data is accuracy of data because it is collected by the researcher but it is costly and time consuming. Secondary data is quicker and cheaper as compared to primary data but the data may not meet the specific needs.If the researcher conducts an experiment, he can observes some quantitative measurements or data with the help of the truth in hypothesis that has made earlier. However in the example of survey, data can be collected through observation, personal interview, telephone interview, survey questionnaire or case studies.Observation is the unreserved way to gather data without interviewing respondents. The information obtained relates to current condition and is not complicated by either past behaviour or future intentions or attitudes of respondents. Undeniable, this method can obtain accurate information but it is time consuming, costly, and sometimes, people reluctant to cooperate.During p ersonal interview, interviewer follows a rigid procedure and seeks answers to a set of pre-conceived questions through personal interviews. The data obtained through personal interview is usually carried out in a structured way where output depends upon the ability of the interviewer to a large extent.Telephone interview can obtain data rapidly with relatively low cost compared to others and do not require travelling for face-to-face contact. It can reach huge range of respondents. However, as this method is carried out through telephone, the respondents might not will to share opinions with strangers or they may tell lie. Thus, this is not able for long survey as respondents might feel annoying and delicate to prove the validity of survey.Survey questionnaire can be posted to the respondents in concert with self-stamped answer sheets or via on-line survey. This method is widely used. This the cheapest way to obtain data and can reach respondents working outstation. The survey qu estion can be set up to 5 pages. However, the cons are that the rate of reaction is low, answers may be biased and respondents take longer time to respond.For case studies, cross comparison of cases have to be done in order to have amply understanding on clients experiences in a program. It fully depicts clients experience in program input, process and results. It is powerful means to exhibit program to outsiders. However, it is time consuming either to collect, organize or describe. It represents depth of information rather than breadth.In short, there are different types of method to collect data with their own pros and cons. Time, cost and accuracy are the main constrains to choose an appropriate data collection method. Few data collection methods can be chosen at the same time to obtain maximum accuracy.Research DesignData AnalysisConclusion